Luggage straps can add an extra level of security, keeping your checked luggage or carry-on bag securely closed, away from prying hands and even making them easier to spot at baggage claim. Some also allow you to tether multiple bags together, so you can more easily navigate public transportation and airport terminals.

Bag straps serve several critical functions ranging from ergonomics and comfort to security and organizational utility. The most common use is to distribute the weight of a heavy bag across the shoulders or hips, as seen with backpack straps and sternum straps, which prevent strain during long periods of carry. Adjustable shoulder straps on messenger bags or totes allow the user to customize the height of the bag for better balance and ease of access. Beyond carrying, "luggage straps" (also known as suitcase belts) are used to wrap around the exterior of a checked bag to provide an extra layer of security, preventing the suitcase from accidentally popping open if a zipper fails under pressure. These straps also make bags easier to identify on a crowded luggage carousel if they are brightly colored. Inside a bag, internal compression straps are used to cinch down clothing and gear, maximizing space and preventing items from shifting or wrinkling during transit. Specialized straps, like those found on tactical or hiking gear (MOLLE straps), allow for the attachment of external pouches or equipment, significantly expanding the bag's overall carrying capacity and versatility.