Flying too close to a mountain is a risk because it will require a direct reaction on the part of a pilot to regain safety, Bird near aircraft – and not bird strike – is a risk because pilots will have to take immediate action (slowing down) to regain safety.
Cape Town - There are four threats and five challenges to aviation security, according to a report by the International Air Transport Association (Iata). The four threats are those from insiders; aviation cybersecurity; security on the ground; and conflict zones.
The air cargo system is vulnerable to several security threats including potential plots to place explosives aboard aircraft; illegal shipments of hazardous materials; criminal activities such as smuggling and theft; and potential hijackings and sabotage by persons with access to aircraft.
Risk Assessment is the second step in the risk management process. Once hazards and their effects have been determined during the first step by means of hazard identification, an analysis is required to assess the probability of the hazard effects occurring and the severity of these effects on aircraft operation.
The 'Significant Seven' covers: loss of control, runway overrun or excursion, controlled flight into terrain, runway incursion and ground collision, ground handling and airborne and post-crash fire.
Beyond these factors, elements like climate disasters fueled by rising climate change, political unrest and disputes among nations, and mechanical maintenance or update costs all contribute as forces that impact an airline's ability to increase profits.