What are the advantages of 25 kV AC system over DC system?

Advantages of 25 kV AC System over DC System The 25 kV AC substations have lesser number equipment. The 25 kV AC system requires light overhead catenary (conductor) than the DC system. The use of high voltage (25 kV) in the overhead system reduces the current in the line which makes the use of small sized conductors.



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In 25 kV AC system, the current drawn is less so the voltage drops which are mainly due to reactance of line are also quite less. Thus, there is great saving in the substations, i.e. in the 25 kV AC system, the longer distances between two sub-stations can be provided.

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For mainline and high-speed railways 25kV ac is now the most proven and widely used system. It offers a number of advantages, including reducing the cost of power supply equipment, improving efficiency, and using energy from braking more effectively which are all potentially attractive features to metro operators.

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The construction of AC transmission lines is more complicated than the DC transmission lines. AC transmission lines require more conductor material than the DC transmission lines as three wire are required for AC transmission. The effective resistance of the AC transmission line is higher than DC transmission line.

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A 25 kV AC traction system has several advantages compared to other traction systems, such as: Reduced power loss: The higher voltage reduces the power loss during transmission, which means that more power can be delivered to the locomotive or train.

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Practical levels of voltage are often referred to as medium voltage, meaning the incoming voltage to the transformer is on the order of 5 kV to 35 kV. Some distribution voltages may exceed 35 kV and would be considered high voltage, but most of the distribution system is within the medium-voltage range.

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Current flowing in power lines and normal household electricity that comes from a wall outlet is alternating current. The standard current used in the U.S. is 60 cycles per second (i.e. a frequency of 60 Hz); in Europe and most other parts of the world it is 50 cycles per second (i.e. a frequency of 50 Hz.).

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