“Bidets may mess with the health ecosystem of bacteria called Lactobacillus microflora in your vagina,” Dr. Rea said. “These bacteria work to protect your vagina from harmful bacteria, such as bacterial vaginosis, or those considered high-risk during pregnancy.”

While bidets are widely praised for hygiene and environmental benefits, there are several potential downsides to consider. Medical studies have suggested that excessive or high-pressure use can lead to "anal pruritus" (itching) or the disruption of the skin's natural protective oils, which can cause irritation or minor infections. For women, there is a risk that improper spray direction (back-to-front) could introduce fecal bacteria into the urinary tract, potentially increasing the risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs). From an infrastructure standpoint, installing a bidet or a high-end electronic seat requires access to a power outlet near the toilet, which many older bathrooms lack. There is also a "learning curve" involved; improper use can lead to wet clothes or water spraying onto the floor. Finally, shared bidet nozzles in public or hospital settings must be meticulously cleaned to prevent cross-contamination of bacteria like E. coli, making regular disinfection a priority for bidet owners.