What are the key elements of ecotourism?

The interrelated components of ecotourism cover (1) natural areas and cultural resources; (2) environmental and ecological sustainable development; (3) provision of environmental and ecological education to stakeholders; (4) local economic development, and (5) residents' satisfaction with ecotourism (Zareba, 2017).



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Principles of Ecotourism Minimize physical, social, behavioral, and psychological impacts. Build environmental and cultural awareness and respect. Provide positive experiences for both visitors and hosts. Provide direct financial benefits for conservation.

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The 3 main characteristics of ecotourism are defined as: nature based; environmentally educated; and sustainably managed.

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TIES' (2010) asserts that those involved in ecotourism should follow six principles: (1) minimize impact; (2) build environmental and cultural awareness and respect; (3) provide positive experiences for visitors and hosts; (4) provide direct financial benefits for conservation; (5) provide financial benefits and ...

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The 12 aims of sustainability in tourism have been defined by the UNWTO as: economic viability, local prosperity, employment quality, social equity, visitor fulfillment, local control, community wellbeing, cultural richness, physical integrity, biological diversity, resource efficiency, and environmental purity.

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The five vital components of tourism system are Attraction, Accessibility, Accommodation, Amenities and Activities.

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Tourism forms identified by the literature as being “sustainable” are numerous: ecological tourism (ecotourism), green tourism, soft, rural tourism and agrotourism, community tourism, solidarity and responsible tourism, all these opposing to the traditional, mass tourism.

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The preservation and economic growth of regional communities and protected areas are fundamental tenets of sustainable tourism. Education, readiness, and knowledge. Improving the tourist's attitude toward the environment.

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The ILO's definition of sustainable tourism is, that it is “composed of three pillars: social justice, economic development, and environmental integrity.

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These are pillars of tourism explained in details:
  • Accommodation. Accommodation is meant to ensure comfort and a place to rest and sleep when traveling. ...
  • Attractions. Attractions are what draw travelers in. ...
  • Adventure & Recreation. ...
  • Catering facilities. ...
  • Entertainment. ...
  • Events. ...
  • Transportation. ...
  • Travel agencies & Tourism Services.


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There are eight sectors of Tourism:
  • Accommodation.
  • Food & Beverage.
  • Adventure Tourism & Recreation.
  • Transportation.
  • Attractions & Retail.
  • Travel Trade.
  • Events & Conferences.
  • Tourism Services.


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The table shows that there are four main motives which arise whatever the travel experience; Novelty Seeking, Escapism/Relaxation, Relationships and Self Development.

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Sustainable Travel: 8 Best Practices
  • Staying in eco-friendly accommodations. ...
  • Making optimal use of environmental resources. ...
  • Taking public transportation. ...
  • Respecting the culture of local communities. ...
  • Buying from and supporting local businesses. ...
  • Traveling slow. ...
  • Saying NO to single-use plastic. ...
  • Eating local food.


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