What are the letters in the airline code?

The ICAO phonetic alphabet has assigned the 26 code words to the 26 letters of the English alphabet in alphabetical order: Alfa, Bravo, Charlie, Delta, Echo, Foxtrot, Golf, Hotel, India, Juliett, Kilo, Lima, Mike, November, Oscar, Papa, Quebec, Romeo, Sierra, Tango, Uniform, Victor, Whiskey, X-ray, Yankee, Zulu.



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Every airline uses a specific system to ascribe letters and numbers to every flight. The letter component of the flight number is fairly straightforward: They represent the carrier. For example, Delta uses DL, American Airlines is AA, and United is UA.

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A – Alpha N – November B – Bravo O – Oscar C – Charlie P - Papa D – Delta Q – Quebec E – Echo R – Romeo F – Foxtrot S – Sierra G – Golf T – Tango H – Hotel U – Uniform I – India V – Victor J – Juliet W - Whiskey K – Kilo X – X-ray L – Lima Y – Yankee M - Mike Z – Zulu Now, let's go through an example of how the ...

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2.1 When a flight experiences a significant delay (i.e. 24H) into the next day, there is potential for two FPLs to exist with the same callsign. To alleviate this, airlines might append the suffix “D” in Item 7 of the FPL after the flight identification.

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The P indicates a positioning flight.

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This special jargon, called the Aviation Alphabet, uses the same 26 letters many of us learned in kindergarten. Each letter has a corresponding word used to identify aircraft, often called the tail number, and taxiways, which are just like the roads we drive on.

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ICAO airplane design codes (or groups, in the case of the FAA) are based primarily on wingspan. The legacy 747 family has been categorized under ICAO Code E, which has a span limit of up to but not including 65 meters.

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For example, within the airplane category, there are four classes of airplanes, such as:
  • Single-Engine Land.
  • Single-Engine Sea.
  • Multi-Engine Land.
  • Multi-Engine Sea.


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ICAO codes have 4 letters because there are so many airports in the world. Usually, the last 3 letters identify the airport domestically, but when searching worldwide you have to use all 4.

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