What are the push and pull travel motivations of tourists?

Push factors is a socio- psychological visitor contract that affects on their motivation to visit an attraction and destination ( peacefull, loneliness, to feel a new experience, etc). While The pull factors are The quality of the setting that attracts them to come to an attraction or spesific destination[14].



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Based on Maslow's (1943) five-level hierarchy of needs, Pearce (1988) proposed the TCL model, which lists five travel motivations associated with relaxation, stimulation, relationship, self-esteem and development or fulfilment.

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There are several reasons why people travel. The basic travel motivations can be divided into four classes: the physical motivators, the cultural motivators, the interpersonal motivators,and the status and prestige motivators. Several tourist motivations are listed in travel literature.

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It increases self-awareness
A related concept, tied to becoming more self-aware and having more exposure to different perspectives, is what psychologists call “cognitive flexibility”, or the ability to jump between ideas. Travel keeps our minds “flexible” because it challenges our set ways of doing and seeing things.

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Travel motivation is a broad and complex concept. McIntosh and Goeldner divided primary travel motivations into four types: physical motivation, cultural motivation, interpersonal motivation, and prestige motivation.

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There are 7 major components of Tourism Marketing: 7A's which are: Attraction, Accommodation, Accessibility, Amenities, Activities, Affinity, Actors, and Acts.

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