Reading Color Light SignalsGreen indicates clear, the train can proceed. Yellow indicates approach, but at a restricted speed. Be prepared to stop at the next signal. Red indicates stop, the block is currently occupied.
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The railway signalling system used across the majority of the United Kingdom rail network uses lineside signals to control the movement and speed of trains. The modern-day system mostly uses two, three, and four aspect colour-light signals using track circuit – or axle counter – block signalling.
A low-voltage electric current is sent between the two rails via a series of relays like the ones in this photo. When a train approaches, the current runs through the train's metal wheels and axles instead of the relays.This short circuit activates the crossing signal.
Shunt signalsThis type of signal is found in all depots and sidings. It is mounted to the ground unlike regular signals. It has three lights in a triangular shape and two white lights mean proceed at caution whereas any other indication should be taken as a stop signal or a malfunction.
A low-voltage electric current is sent between the two rails via a series of relays like the ones in this photo. When a train approaches, the current runs through the train's metal wheels and axles instead of the relays. This short circuit activates the crossing signal.
Trains cannot collide with each other if they are not permitted to occupy the same section of track at the same time, so railway lines are divided into sections known as blocks. In normal circumstances, only one train is permitted in each block at a time. This principle forms the basis of most railway safety systems.
Wave a red flag at the train to signal for it to stop.If there's a threat to the train, such as an obstruction or person on the tracks ahead of it, wave a red flag vigorously at it to signal to the operator that they need to apply the emergency brakes.
Absolute signals are sometimes also known as “interlocking plant signals,” or more commonly today, “control points.” They received the name because these signals are typically operated in a control center by members of the Centralized Train Control (CTC).