The Catholic Mortal Agony of Christ Chapel was the first religious memorial erected at the northern end of the former camp grounds. The functional buildings of the concentration camp located here were demolished in the 1950s and 1960s.

The Dachau Concentration Camp Memorial Site contains several religious memorials, but the most prominent Catholic structure is the Mortal Agony of Christ Chapel (Todesangst-Christi-Kapelle). Dedicated in 1960 during the Eucharistic World Congress, it was the first religious memorial built on the grounds. The chapel is a large, open cylindrical stone structure with a distinctive "crown of thorns" made of iron above the entrance, symbolizing the suffering of the prisoners and their liberation through Christ. It was initiated by Johannes Neuhäusler, a Munich auxiliary bishop who was himself a prisoner at Dachau. In addition to this chapel, the memorial site features the Church of the Reconciliation (a Protestant church), a Jewish Memorial, and the Russian Orthodox Chapel "Resurrection of Our Lord," which was built by Russian soldiers in 1994. These structures stand together in a designated area at the northern end of the former camp to provide a space for reflection, prayer, and commemoration of the victims.