Barbados is an independent island country located in the easternmost part of the Caribbean region within the continent of North America. Formerly a British colony, it gained its independence on November 30, 1966, and historically functioned as a constitutional monarchy with Queen Elizabeth II as its head of state. However, in a landmark move on November 30, 2021, Barbados officially transitioned to a republic, removing the British monarch and installing its first President, Sandra Mason. Despite this change, Barbados remains a prominent member of the Commonwealth of Nations. Geographically, it is situated in the Lesser Antilles and is unique among Caribbean islands because it is composed primarily of coral limestone rather than volcanic rock. Its capital and largest city is Bridgetown. In 2026, it is recognized globally as one of the most developed and stable nations in the Caribbean, with a high-income economy largely driven by tourism, international business, and financial services.