For stolen items, you'll need to report the theft to the police as soon as reasonably possible after it occurs, and get written evidence that you've reported it to the police such as a written police report. You'll also need a police report for lost items, unless the loss was by a third party (such as an airline).

If your luggage is stolen, you must act quickly: first, confirm it wasn't a mistake by checking with the airline's baggage office or the hotel's front desk. If confirmed stolen, file a police report within 24 hours, as this document is mandatory for any insurance claim. Next, notify your insurance provider and the transportation carrier (airline, bus, or train) to log a formal complaint. If your passport or credit cards were inside, contact your embassy for an emergency replacement and freeze your accounts immediately. Most airlines have a maximum liability limit for lost bags (around $3,800 for domestic US flights), but travel insurance or premium credit cards often provide additional coverage to bridge the gap for high-value items.