The Lookout Mountain Incline Railway is a 4 ft 8+1/2 in standard gauge inclined plane funicular railway leading to the top of Lookout Mountain from the historic St. Elmo neighborhood of Chattanooga, Tennessee.
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The Lickey Incline, south of Birmingham, is the steepest sustained main-line railway incline in Great Britain. The climb is a gradient of 1 in 37.7 (2.65% or 26.5‰ or 1.52°) for a continuous distance of two miles (3.2 km).
Grades are generally 1 percent or less, and grades steeper than about 2.2 percent are rare. The steepest grade on a major railroad's main track was historically said to be on the Pennsylvania Railroad north of Madison, Indiana, rising 413 feet over a distance of 7012 feet — a 5.89-percent grade.
Slides at the park, steep driveways, and shipping truck loading ramps are all examples of inclines. Inclines or inclined planes are diagonal surfaces that objects can sit on, slide up, slide down, roll up, or roll down. Inclines are useful since they can reduce the amount of force required to move an object vertically.
Pilatus Railway, SwitzerlandThe Pilatus Railway runs from Alpnachstad on Lake Alpnach to the Esel station near the summit of the 6,800-foot-high Mount Pilatus in the Swiss canton of Obwalden. It takes the crown as the world's steepest rack railway with a maximum gradient of 48 percent.
High-speed railways commonly allow 2.5% to 4% because the trains must be strong and have many wheels with power to reach very high speeds. For freight trains, gradients should be as gentle as possible, preferably below 1.5%.