Private pilots are limited to day operations because of Part 91.157(b)(4). Instrument-rated pilots may fly special VFR at night but only if they are instrument current and flying an aircraft that is instrument legal per Part 91.205(d) and meets the criteria outlined in 91.205 (a) and (b).
Once you hear your callsign, you can enter the Class C airspace. Keep these important facts in mind: If the controller responds with (Aircraft callsign) standby, you have established two-way radio communication, and you can enter Class C airspace. If you don't hear your callsign, you CAN NOT enter the airspace.
Can we fly over it? Technically yes, BUT it's still a very bad idea because a motor out would force you to descend through the Class C airspace. We CAN'T fly here without special permission from ATC. Permission should be obtained in advance by telephone (some controllers will accept a radio call).
Aircraft Speed.Unless otherwise authorized or required by ATC, no person may operate an aircraft at or below 2,500 feet above the surface within 4 nautical miles of the primary airport of a Class C airspace area at an indicated airspeed of more than 200 knots (230 mph).
You can only conduct special VFR operations in controlled airspace below 10,000 MSL at an airport that has airspace extending down to the surface. Many Class C and B airports (listed in FAR 91) don't accommodate Special VFR clearances for IFR traffic separation reasons.
Prudent pilots typically set higher weather minimums for night VFR flights. FAR 91.157—In order to get a Special VFR clearance at night, you must have an instrument rating, an instrument-equipped airplane, 1 mile visibility, be able to remain clear of clouds, and a Special VFR clearance from air traffic control.
This brings us to IFR (instrument flight rule) pilots. IFR flying is astronomically more challenging than VFR flying, but those pilots who achieve this distinction are invariably more equipped to fly IFR and VFR. Aviating under IFR, a pilot is authorized to fly into clouds in what is called zero visibility.
Why Do Pilots Prefer IFR Over VFR? IFR provides pilots with greater flexibility when it comes to controlled airspace, weather conditions, and career opportunities.
The purpose of Class C airspace is to enhance aviation safety in the terminal area and to decrease the risk of midair collisions by providing traffic separation service.