A transit visa for the Netherlands, officially known as an Airport Transit Visa (ATV) or "Type A" visa, allows citizens of certain "high-risk" countries to stay in the international transit zone of Amsterdam Schiphol (AMS) without entering the Schengen Area. This visa is mandatory for nationals of countries like Afghanistan, Nigeria, and Iran, even if they are just changing planes on the way to a non-Schengen destination (like the US or UK). With an ATV, you are not permitted to leave the airport terminal, clear passport control, or visit a hotel outside the security gates. However, if you are a citizen of a country that normally requires a visa but you hold a valid green card or visa from the US, Canada, or Japan, you are usually "exempt" from needing the ATV. In 2026, most travelers from "visa-free" countries do not need any special authorization for a layover, but it is vital to check the latest ETIAS requirements if your layover involves a "self-transfer" where you must collect bags and re-check them, as this constitutes entering the country.