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What is astonishing about the city of Petra?

The caves, temples, and tombs of Petra reveal an impressive civilization. The “Rose City” is a honeycomb of hand-hewn caves, temples, and tombs carved from blushing pink sandstone in the high desert of Jordan some 2,000 years ago. Hidden by time and shifting sand, Petra tells of a lost civilization.



Petra is astonishing primarily because it is a "High-Fidelity" fusion of nature and architecture; it is not just built on the rocks but is carved directly into the sandstone cliffs. Known as the "Rose City" due to the pinkish hue of the stone, the Nabataeans chiseled immense facades, such as the iconic Treasury (Al-Khazneh) and the Monastery, with incredible precision over 2,000 years ago. Perhaps even more astonishing is the city's ancient water management system. In an arid desert environment, Nabataean engineers created a sophisticated network of ceramic pipes, dams, and cisterns that could harvest and store enough rainwater to support a population of 30,000 people. This creative genius allowed a thriving trade hub to exist in a landscape that would otherwise be uninhabitable. Today, the walk through the Siq—a narrow, mile-long gorge with walls 80 meters high—serves as a spectacular "High-Fidelity" prelude to the sudden reveal of the city’s most famous monuments.

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The entire city of ruins is a work of art, painted on a natural stone backdrop that changes colour every hour. The buildings and structures are a combination of grand tombs, temples and public spaces.

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Many people know of Petra's famous Treasury from the Hollywood film “Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade” with Harrison Ford. It's inside that Ford finds the Holy Grail.

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It is believed that Moses' brother Aaron died and was buried in the Petra area and a white-domed mosque, built in the 14th century, commemorates this.

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Petra, ancient city, centre of an Arab kingdom in Hellenistic and Roman times, the ruins of which are in southwest Jordan.

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It is said that Moses passed through the valley and struck water from the rock for his followers at the site of Ain Musa (Moses Spring or Moses' Well). The Nabateans built channels that carried water from this spring to the city of Petra. Wadi Musa was also nicknamed the Guardian of Petra.

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Completely subsumed by the Romans under the Emperor Trajan in 106 CE, Petra and Nabataea then became part of the Roman province known as Arabia Petraea with its capital at Petra. In 131 CE Hadrian, the Roman emperor, visited the site and named it after himself, Hadriane Petra.

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In Arabic, Wadi Musa translates to the Valley of Moses. It is named this because it is believed that Moses walked through the valley with his followers.

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Some main archeological sites inside the city are the Treasury – the tomb of a Nabatean king, the Monastery – an isolated mountain temple, a theatre, government buildings and dwelling for regular people.

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Petra's importance declined as sea trade routes emerged, and after an earthquake in 363 destroyed many structures. In the Byzantine era, several Christian churches were built, but the city continued to decline and, by the early Islamic era, it was abandoned except for a handful of nomads.

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