In Hawaiian culture, respect is rooted in the concepts of aloha (love/spirit) and malama (to care for). One of the most disrespectful acts is taking rocks or sand from beaches or volcanic sites; according to local belief, this brings a curse from the goddess Pele, but more practically, it degrades the natural environment. Stepping on or touching heiau (ancient temple sites) is a grave sign of disrespect, as these are sacred spaces. In social settings, it is considered rude to enter someone's home with your shoes on; you should always leave them at the door. Refusing an offering of food or a lei can also be seen as a slight to the giver's hospitality. Furthermore, referring to yourself as "Hawaiian" unless you have indigenous ancestry is incorrect; the proper term for residents is "local" or "Hawaii resident." Finally, treating the land (’aina) as a playground rather than a living entity—such as littering or ignoring "Kapu" (keep out/sacred) signs—is deeply offensive to the native population who view themselves as stewards of the islands.