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What is inside the Big Ben?

The Elizabeth Tower is the clock tower of the Palace of Westminster in London, England. It contains the Great Clock, a striking clock with five bells. The tower is nicknamed Big Ben, a name which was originally applied only to the largest bell of the clock.



Inside the Elizabeth Tower (commonly known by its largest bell, Big Ben) is a complex 11-story structure rising 96 meters above London. The interior is largely occupied by a spiral stone staircase with 334 steps leading to the belfry. On the way up, you encounter the Mechanism Room, which houses the massive Victorian-era clock movement weighing five tonnes. This legendary machine uses a 4.4-meter pendulum and pre-decimal pennies to maintain its famous accuracy. Above the clock faces is the Belfry, where the 13.7-tonne "Great Bell" (Big Ben) hangs alongside four smaller quarter bells. At the very top, another 65 steps lead to the Ayrton Light, a lantern that remains lit when Parliament is in session. Following extensive 2020s renovations, the interior now also features a modern elevator for accessibility, though most tours still involve the traditional climb. The walls are a mix of brick and stone, specifically limestone from France and Yorkshire, creating a historic, industrial atmosphere that feels worlds away from the polished streets of Westminster below.

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Inside the Elizabeth Tower: A total of 399 winding steps connect eleven floors, a clock mechanism room, the clock itself, and the belfry containing the famous 'Big Ben' bell.

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Visitors must be aged 11 and over and be comfortable climbing 334 steps and experiencing high noise levels from the clock mechanism and bells - earplugs will be provided. The total tour duration is 90 minutes and toilet facilities are available at the beginning and end of the tour only.

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114 steps up inside the tower is the Prison Room, but you don't need to worry about being locked up there yourself. The prison room was used for MPs who breached codes of conduct, but it hasn't been used since 1880.

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Weighing around five tons and housed directly beneath the belfry, the clock mechanism consists of three trains, or sections: the going train, which advances the four sets of hands; the chiming train, which pulls the cables that make the four quarter bells ring; and the striking chain, which powers the giant hammer that ...

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The London clock tower, Big Ben was rotated by a quarter, causing the hammer to strike a different place of the bell. Meanwhile, the hammer was lightened to prevent further damage. The bell has sounded at a slightly different pitch ever since, and the crack has never been repaired.

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A symbol of democracy and a central part of what makes Britons feel British, Big Ben has become synonymous with both London, the United Kingdom and 'the Mother of Parliaments. ' And it not only holds a special place in the people of Britain's hearts, but in the hearts of MPs as well.

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On 10 May 1941, a German bombing raid damaged two of the clock's dials and sections of the tower's stepped roof and destroyed the House of Commons chamber.

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At close proximity, the sound of Big Ben measures 118 decibels, which is loud enough to cause physical pain. To make the bell chime, the copper and tin bell is struck by a hammer weighing 200kg. The bell, weighing 13.7 tonnes itself, makes the musical note “E” when struck.

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Big Ben was built by Edward John Dent and his son Frederick Dent, who were renowned watchmakers of the time. The clock became known as the most accurate clock in the world at the time it was created. Big Ben and Elizabeth Tower were constructed in the Gothic Revival architectural style.

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1716: The bell from the clock tower is recast and later hung in the South West Tower of St Paul's Cathedral. If Big Ben is ever unable to strike, the bell in St Paul's is heard instead.

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Prime Minister David Cameron welcomed the name change. “The renaming of the Clock Tower to the Elizabeth Tower is a fitting recognition of the Queen's 60 years of service. This is an exceptional tribute to an exceptional monarch,” he said. Reactions among the public were mixed, however.

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When Big Ben's restoration is complete, visitors will have to climb 334 stone steps to reach the belfry? or take the newly installed elevator.

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The clock tower – colloquially known as Big Ben after its massive bell – has been slightly off center since it was erected in the mid-19th century. Like many old buildings, its position has been shifting imperceptibly for years due to environmental factors such as seasonal temperature and moisture level changes.

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