This is the so-called cab rank rule, referring to the principle that at a taxi rank, taxis must take the next passenger inline regardless of who they are or where they want to go.
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The rule derives its name from the tradition by which a hackney carriage driver at the head of a queue of taxicabs is obliged to take the first passenger requesting a ride.
By 1625, London innkeepers hired out carriages. In 1635 in England, the Hackney Carriage Act was passed as the first legislation to cover hireable horse-drawn carriages in the country. In 1636, the first London taxi rank appeared at the Strand outside the Maypole Inn.
Why London Taxis are Black. The Austin FX3 of 1948 made the black taxi look popular. The cab was made in black, and anyone who wanted a different colour had to pay extra. Seeing as it was the post-war period, not a lot of people had money for that.
A hackney or hackney carriage (also called a cab, black cab, hack or London taxi) is a carriage or car for hire. A hackney of a more expensive or high class was called a remise.
To hail a taxi' means exactly to beckon or to do a call signal for the taxi to stop and for you to use the public service afterwards, whereas 'to catch a taxi' refers to the whole action of making a taxi stop and using the service.