What is the bump on the top of the A320?

The antenna on the bump that's not a TV antenna is a duplex satcom antenna... It's phone -> Wireless access point (Wifi) -> Satcom antenna -> Satellite -> Satellite Ground Earth Station -> ISP -> Internet. It is satcom antenna for (to carry) wifi/internet...



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When it comes to the original crop of the Airbus A320 family, these twinjets have a service ceiling of between 39,100 ft and 41,000 ft. This is between 11,917 m and 12,497 m.

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Turbulence is a sudden and sometimes violent shift in airflow. Those irregular motions in the atmosphere create air currents that can cause passengers on an airplane to experience annoying bumps during a flight, or it can be severe enough to throw an airplane out of control. (The pilots) aren't scared at all.

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Sure, it happens all the time to incautious pilots. 1966, a Boeing 707 was brought down by turbulence (BBC ON THIS DAY | 5 | 1966: Passenger jet crashes into Mount Fuji ) when the pilot had diverted from his planned flight path out of Tokyo to show his passengers Mount Fuji.

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At times like this, pilots will slow to a designated “turbulence penetration speed” to ensure high-speed buffet protection (don't ask) and prevent damage to the airframe. We can also request higher or lower altitudes, or ask for a revised routing.

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Wind conditions can change suddenly
If wind weakens right when the plane is about to land, passengers may feel a bump during touchdown. This does not require a reckless drop. Sudden changes in wind conditions can still be felt when descending from the altitude of 1–3 metres,” says Siivola.

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The main reason commercial airlines board passengers from the front to the back is to maintain balanced weight distribution. It ensures that neither the front nor the back of the airplane is bearing too much weight. Airplanes, of course, are typically heavier in the back.

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A320`s can actually travel just under 4000 nautical miles with no payload and the maximum fuel load on board. So crossings can be made non stop on delivery flights.

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In the case of flight 1549, the pilots of the Airbus A320 made a decision to land in the Hudson River after apparently losing power in both engines. In aviation terminology, that type of landing is referred to as ditching, and as far as jetliners go it remains a fairly rare event.

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As the first civil aircraft to introduce fly-by-wire technology, the A320 Family has set the standards ever since its entry in service. The A320 Family's cockpit “front office” shares commonality with the other Airbus fly-by-wire aircraft.

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In fact, airliners can fly quite well on just one. The Boeing 777 is certified to fly up to five and a half hours with one engine out.

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