Some of the key architectural features of a cathedral are the narthex (main entrance area), the nave (main aisle leading to the front of the cathedral), and the apse (location of the altar).
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The apse was originally placed on the western end of the church but was built on the eastern side in later church construction. The altar of the church is most often located within the apse, which is frequently decorated extravagantly with religious murals and moldings.