Most newly built Lakers are constructed to Seawaymax limit to allow for off-Lakes use, but there are some larger freighters used on the Lakes that cannot pass to the Atlantic Ocean. These larger Lakers are confined to the upper Lakes (Superior, Huron, Michigan, and Erie) before the Seaway canal locks.
The largest and last major freighter wrecked on the lakes was the SS Edmund Fitzgerald, which sank on November 10, 1975. The legend of the Edmund Fitzgerald remains the most mysterious and controversial of all shipwreck tales heard around the Great Lakes.
Lake Michigan wrecks: the oldest and the mostestLake Michigan contains more shipwrecks than any of the other Great Lakes, as well as the oldest recorded one: the French ship Griffon, the first European vessel to sail the Lakes.
Distance from the Atlantic Ocean to Duluth, Minnesota via Lake Superior is 2,038 nautical miles and takes 8.5 sailing days. Since 1959, more than 2.5 billion tons of cargo (estimated at $375 billion!) have moved to and from the Canada, the United States, and 50+ other nations.
The primary reason for shipwrecks on the Great Lakes is stormy weather, specifically in the upper portions of Lake Michigan, Lake Huron and Lake Superior. In the late fall and early winter, weather can be particularly treacherous. Most Great Lakes shipwrecks occurred in the late fall.
But the hulls are often painted red to maintain a nautical tradition. Collins also points out that the red may help observers gauge the load of a ship's cargo. The more weight on board, the lower in the water it will be.
Lake Superior is the world's largest freshwater lake by area (31,700 mi2 /82,100 km2). It is also the coldest and deepest of the Great Lakes, with a maximum depth of 406 meters (1,332 feet). By most measures, it is the healthiest of all the Great Lakes.
Canadian folksinger Gordon Lightfoot inspired popular interest in this vessel with his 1976 ballad, “The Wreck of the Edmund Fitzgerald.” The Edmund Fitzgerald was lost with her entire crew of 29 men on Lake Superior November 10, 1975, 17 miles north-northwest of Whitefish Point, Michigan.
1. SS President Coolidge, Vanuatu. One of the largest, most accessible wrecks in the world, the SS President Coolidge is a wreck diver's dream. This massive luxury liner, built in 1931, converted into a Second World War troop ship, is more than 600ft long and divers can explore it on both shallow and deep dives.