What is the minimum altitude according to 14 CFR Part 91?
Over any congested area of a city, town, or settlement, or over any open air assembly of persons, an altitude of 1,000 feet above the highest obstacle within a horizontal radius of 2,000 feet of the aircraft.
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An altitude of 500 feet above the surface, except over open water or sparsely populated areas. In those cases, the aircraft may not be operated closer than 500 feet to any person, vessel, vehicle, or structure.
What is the primary distinction between these different parts of the regulations? Part 91 applies to general aviation and non-commercial operations(civil aircraft). Part 135 applies to commercial on-demand operations(such as private jets). Part 121 applies to large-scale scheduled commercial air carriers.
Part 61 does not deal with any aspect of aircrafts. It simply serves as a tool to support potential pilots in obtaining their license. In contrast, Part 91 has a small section dealing with the aircraft associated with the pilot.
The VFR Cruising Altitude rule does not apply below 3,000 feet AGL. There are some altitudes, however, that pilots seem to choose for level flight. Close to sea level they are 1000, 1500, 2000 and 2500. They are easy to read and remember on an altimeter.
In accordance with SERA. 5005 (c)(5), VFR flights in the United Kingdom at night may be flown below a level which is at least 300 M (1000 FT) above the highest obstacle located within 8 KM of the estimated position of the aircraft subject to the conditions at paragraph (e).
Presently the airspace between FL 600 and up to the border between the earth's atmosphere and outer space (generally an altitude of approximately 100 km (62 mi) (the Kármán line)) is not regulated. The FAA does consider the airspace above FL600 to be controlled Class E airspace.