What is the most important instrument in the cockpit?
The most important instrument when flying is the windscreen: Why today's executives need a complete view
Compass or Direction finder.
Altimeter.
Airspeed.
Artificial Horizon.
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Yes, some airline pilots do carry guns in the cockpit but carry a gun lawfully they must belong to a special program called the Federal Flight Deck Officers (FFDOs). This program requires special training and pilots who enroll have strict limitations on when they can use the firearm.
However, some Southwest pilots earn as much as $549,000. Similarly, United Airlines pilots earn an average of $205,000. The average Delta Airlines pilot earns $192,000 with top-earners making $526,000. American Airlines pilots earn an average salary of $118,000, with some pilots earning in excess of $700,000.
Without a HUD, you need 500' (and appropriate runway lights/markings, plus regulatory approval) for takeoff, and whatever your autopilot Cat III autoland system (along with the landing runway) is approved to for landing. (Or 1800' for cases of no Cat II / Cat III capability.)