What is the stress free temperature for rail?

The stress-free temperature that is used is dependent on environmental extremes and thus varies with location. In the United Kingdom, CWR is stressed to 27 °C (81 °F), the mean summer rail temperature. In the US, standard stress free temperatures vary from 35 to 43 °C (90 to 110 °F).



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Because rails are made from steel, they expand as they get hotter, and can start to curve this is known as 'buckling'. Most of the network can operate when track temperatures heat up to 46°C – roughly equivalent to air temperature of around 30°C – but rails have been recorded at temperatures as high as 51°C.

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CapMetro said anytime a track's temperature reaches 135 degrees or higher, the trains have to slow down for safety purposes and to prevent serious damage to the tracks. Extended periods of extreme heat can cause tracks to bend, warp or reshape entirely, otherwise known as a sun kink.

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Protective coatings and paints are widely used to prevent rust formation on railway tracks. These coatings and paints create a barrier between the metal surface of the tracks and the environment, preventing moisture and oxygen from coming into contact with the metal.

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Trains go slow at night to ensure safety due to reduced visibility, and to navigate through potentially hazardous areas. Trains do slow down at crossings to reduce the risk of accidents and to sound their horns to alert people.

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Like driving on icy roads, acceleration and braking are much harder on icy tracks. In fact, it's even more difficult on the railway because the train wheels and rail are both made of steel. This means wheels can slip because it's harder to get the friction needed to accelerate or brake.

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