Maglev train systems use powerful electromagnets to float the trains over a guideway, instead of the old steel wheel and track system. A system called electromagnetic suspension suspends, guides, and propels the trains. A large number of magnets provide controlled tension for lift and propulsion along a track.

A Maglev (magnetic levitation) train is pushed and pulled by the fundamental principles of electromagnetism, specifically the interaction between powerful magnets on the train and those in the guideway. Unlike traditional trains that rely on friction between wheels and rails, Maglev trains "float" and move using a linear motor system. This system consists of two main parts: levitation and propulsion. For propulsion, alternating current is run through coils along the guideway walls, creating a shifting magnetic field. This field constantly changes polarity; it creates a magnetic pole in front of the train that pulls it forward and a magnetic pole behind the train that pushes it. These forces work in perfect synchronization to accelerate the train to incredibly high speeds, sometimes exceeding 600 km/h. Because there is no physical contact between the vehicle and the track, there is zero rolling resistance, allowing for much higher efficiency and quieter operation. The speed is controlled simply by adjusting the frequency of the alternating current in the guideway coils, making the system both incredibly powerful and precisely manageable without the need for traditional engines or fuel onboard the train.