What was the most dreaded part of the California Trail?
The Forty Mile Desert, beginning here, is a barren stretch of waterless alkali wasteland. It was the most dreaded section of the California Emigrant Trail. If possible, travelers crossed it by night because of the great heat.
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Trace the route the pioneers would take through the Great Basin. They needed to stay close to water and grass. They went around mountains, through mountain passes, instead of going right over them. The Great Basin was one of the hardest sections of the trail to cross because of the lack of water and food in the area.
While heavily traveled, the California Trail proved to be extremely difficult and even fatal for many travelers to cross. Fort Laramie was the last stop for many forty-niners before ascending the Rocky Mountains. Due to the necessity of lightening the load, gold-seekers discarded goods along the trail.
Thousands of others soon followed. The 2,400-mile trip was far from easy. At the time, the entire journey took five to six months to complete. Along the route, travelers not only faced the treacherous Rockies, but also the barren deserts of Nevada and the frigid Sierra Nevada Range.
South Pass was one of the most significant, as many emigrants considered it the halfway point. Finally, Sutter's Fort represented the end of the trail for most travelers. Independence Rock and Devil's Gate were popular places to leave your mark on the stone, some of which still remain.
“Our ignorance of the route was complete. We knew that California lay west, and that was the extent of our knowledge.” John Bidwell. “October and the wagons were too heavy to get up the steep mountains, so they were left behind. Pushing through the mountains with a lighter load, the brave group walked into California.
The California Trail is an emigrant trail that is about 3,000 miles in distance. Over 250,000 individuals and farmers used it while looking for gold in the gold fields and rich farmlands of the Golden State. It was open from 1841 to 1869, and was considered to be the greatest mass migration in the American History.
In 1841, the Bartleson-Bidwell party left Independence, Missouri and successfully used the South Pass to make the long journey to California. Thousands of others soon followed. The 2,400-mile trip was far from easy. At the time, the entire journey took five to six months to complete.
Eventually, the California Trail split off from the Oregon Trail and headed south to the numerous paths and “shortcuts” over the Sierra Nevada mountains and into California.
The northern sections of the trail are more difficult and strenuous. The southern end (Coinciding with the Appalachian Trail) is more crowded. The northern sections tend to be more rewarding. There's something odd about beginning a journey at “Journey's End” (The Northern Terminus).
Continental Divide TrailArguably the most challenging thru-hike of the National Scenic Trails, it traverses five states, ranges from 4,000 to 14,000-feet in elevation, and passes through alpine tundra, broad glacial valleys, craggy mountain peaks, and desolate desert landscapes.
The classic overland trip from the Midwest to Oregon and California was lengthy and very difficult. It was approximately a 2,000 mile trip. In good weather, a wagon train would complete the journey in five months. However, heavy rains were known to make the typical trip last around six months.
It normally took four to six months to traverse the length of the California Trail with covered wagons pulled by oxen. About 250,000 pioneers, the most of any American emigration trail, used it to reach California before the transcontinental railroad in 1869.