What was the most important building in the Roman Forum?

Important Sites in the Forum Senate House: The senate house, known as the “Curia,” served as the council house for the Roman Senate and a site for various political events. It was rebuilt several times, and in the 7th century, the Curia was converted into a church.



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Among the structures surviving in whole or in part are the Temple of Castor and Pollux, the Temple of the Deified Caesar, the Mamertine Prison, the Curia (senate house), the Temple of Saturn, the Temple of Vesta, the Temple of Romulus, the Arch of Titus, the Arch of Septimius Severus, and the Cloaca Maxima.

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Two other early, sacred buildings are important to note. These are the Regia or king's house and the Temple of Vesta, both located on the downward slope of the Palatine Hill near the point where it reaches the edge of the Forum Romanum proper.

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  • 1.1 Temples.
  • 1.2 Basilicas.
  • 1.3 Arches.
  • 1.4 Government buildings or official residences.
  • 1.5 Smaller monuments.
  • 1.6 Pools, springs.
  • 1.7 Roads, streets, staircases.


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The Palatine Hill in Rome is famous for being where Romulus founded the city and where Roman Emperors had their imperial palaces. Most likely, the Palatine hill was chosen as the place for the foundation of Rome because of its height and strategic position over the River Tiber.

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In his Forum, Augustus dedicated a Temple to Mars Ultor in 2 BC, commemorating Roman victory in the Battle of the Philippi, in which he avenged the assassination of his father. The temple contained three dominating statues: one of Venus, Mars, and that of the deified Caesar.

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Some highlights of the Forum at Pompeii are the Pompeii Basilica, Temple of Apollo, Temple of Jupiter, Forum Baths, Triumphal Arches, Temple of Lares Publici, Macellum and many more.

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