The original construction of the Elizabeth Tower (which houses the bell known as Big Ben) and the Great Clock was completed in 1859 for a cost of approximately £12,000, though the broader project for the new Palace of Westminster famously went over budget. To put this in perspective, the recent major restoration project completed in the early 2020s cost significantly more due to modern heritage standards and structural complexity. In 2017, the initial renovation estimate was £29 million, but this eventually ballooned to at least £80 million (some reports cited £61 million mid-project) as workers uncovered unforeseen damage to the Victorian stonework and internal systems. The vast difference between the original 19th-century cost and modern repair bills reflects not only inflation but also the specialized artisanal labor required to maintain one of the world's most recognizable UNESCO World Heritage sites.