This consisted of two main components: the motte, an artificial mound atop which was built a fortified tower called a keep, and a bailey, which was an enclosure connected to the motte. Many castles of this type also had a ditch around the bailey.

The two defining features were the Motte and the Bailey. The Motte was a large, man-made or natural earthen mound with steep sides, topped by a defensive wooden or stone tower called a "keep." This provided a high vantage point for defense. The Bailey was an enclosed courtyard located at the base of the motte, surrounded by a protective wooden fence (palisade) and a ditch. While the motte served as a final stronghold, the bailey was the heart of the castle's daily life, housing barracks, stables, kitchens, and workshops.