In records dating from the middle 1800s, even in the coldest winters, Lake Michigan has never completely frozen over. It has been as much as 90 percent or more ice-covered in 1903-04, 1976-77, 1978-79, 1998-99 and 2013-14.
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Lake Superior freezes at least in part every year and less frequently in its entirety. The last year that it froze completely was in February 1994. It almost froze completely in March 2003 and this photograph was taken by the GOES satellite on March 7, 2003.
Lake Superior's peak ice cover this winter was less than half of the typical long-term average peak ice. Lake Superior's ice cover peaked at only 20% on Feb. 24, 2023. The average peak ice over the years is 49%, more than double this year's ice.
Peak ice coverage for the Great Lakes is usually observed from mid-February to early March. The low ice cover followed a warmer than normal month of January.
Freezing temperatures force the lake to develop an ice shelf. On windy days, waves are driven toward the shore. As these waves crash into the shoreline, they also hit the ice shelf. This pushes the water up through the air.
Lightfoot sings that Superior, they said, never gives up her dead. This is because of the unusually cold water, under 36 °F (2 °C) on average around 1970. Normally, bacteria decaying a sunken body will bloat it with gas, causing it to float to the surface after a few days.
Except for shallow bays and beaches, the water temperature in the lake seldom reaches 55 degrees F., even during the hottest summer weather. Survival time in the lake, without a life jacket is, on average, less than two hours.
Great Lakes that have completely frozen include Lake Superior, Lake Huron, Lake Erie, and Lake Ontario. Lake Michigan is the only Great Lake to have never frozen entirely.
Lake Superior's beaches are open and safe for swimming over 90% of the time, and the water is extremely clear, with an average underwater visibility of 8.3 m (27 ft).
So yeah, even if Lake Michigan ever kinda-sorta freezes over, don't try crossing it by foot or vehicle. Leave that kind of dangerous travel to the ice balls.
As of February 14, 2023, ice covered only 6.6 percent of the five freshwater lakes, which is significantly less than the 35-40 percent ice cover that is typical for mid-February, according to data published by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory ( ...