As of early 2026, the last major hurricane to directly impact the Florida Keys was Hurricane Ian in September 2022. While the center of Ian made landfall near Fort Myers, the Florida Keys experienced significant impacts from the storm's outer bands, including a catastrophic storm surge that flooded over 150 homes in Key West and damaged hundreds more throughout the archipelago. More recently, in 2024, Hurricane Helene passed to the west of the Keys, bringing tropical-storm-force winds and minor coastal flooding, but it did not make a "direct hit." In late 2025, the region watched Hurricane Melissa closely, but it ultimately tracked south toward Jamaica. Consequently, the 2017 landfall of Hurricane Irma remains the last time a Category 4 storm center crossed directly over the Middle Keys (Cudjoe Key), serving as the benchmark for modern hurricane recovery and infrastructure resilience in the "Conch Republic."