The great fortified walls that surround the medieval city of Ávila date back to the end of the 11th century, built to defend the town's population against the threat of the Moorish armies.
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When completed, the city's defenses totaled 68 forts and 93 batteries connected by over 20 miles of rifle trenches, making Washington the most heavily fortified city in the world. Remains of these fortifications can be seen on National Park Service land at Fort Stevens, Fort Totten, Fort Marcy, and Fort DeRussy.
Especially impressive examples are located in Italy with Bergamo, Padua, Urbino, Treviso or Piacenza as we as along the Spanish-Portuguese border with Almeida, Valenca, Moncao, Olivenza or Elvas. Even the Vatikan City, presently the smallest acknowledged state of the world, is a fortified city.
Rothenburg ob der Tauber, Germany.This may be the best-known walled city in Europe and is very popular as a tourist destination. Rothenburg is Germany's best-preserved walled city. Part of the walls have covered walled walkways and can be walked and provide great views of the city.
Quebec City is the only walled-in city in North America and one of the oldest if not the oldest. Walking along the old cobblestone streets, you can feel the history oozing out of the buildings.