Determining whether a plane or a car is more environmentally friendly depends heavily on the distance of the journey and the number of passengers. On a per-passenger-mile basis for long-distance travel, a fully loaded modern aircraft (like the A350) can actually be more carbon-efficient than a single person driving a standard gasoline vehicle over the same distance. This is because planes fly in a straight line and transport hundreds of people at once. However, for short distances (under 300 miles), driving is almost always better, especially if using an Electric Vehicle (EV) or a fuel-efficient hybrid with multiple occupants. The "radiative forcing" of planes (emissions at high altitudes) also means they have a greater warming effect than ground vehicles even if CO2 levels are similar. Ultimately, a car with four passengers is often the greenest mid-range option, while high-speed rail remains the gold standard for sustainable travel in 2026.