The East side of the Berlin Wall was where the German Democratic Republic (GDR) stood. In the eyes of the GDR government, this side represented their vision of a socialist state and was deemed the “free” side to people living under their regime.
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A quarter century after the peaceful revolution that led to its fall, there's barely anything left of the Wall. The few original pieces of wall that remain standing are popular attractions.
The GDR was experiencing an overwhelming financial crisis. Moreover, the refusal to pursue perestroika and glasnost was not well-received by the people. In early 1989, these socio-economic factors caused the people of East Germany to flee to the West, a movement that the East German regime was powerless to prevent.
Having experienced great losses as a result of German invasions in the First and Second World Wars, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin preferred that a defeated Germany be dismembered and divided so that it could not rise to its former strength to threaten European peace and security again.