Infants, children under 5 years, pregnant women, travellers and people with HIV or AIDS are at higher risk of severe infection. Malaria can be prevented by avoiding mosquito bites and with medicines.
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Malaria is a risk in Tanzania. Fill your malaria prescription before you leave and take enough with you for the entire length of your trip. Follow your doctor's instructions for taking the pills; some need to be started before you leave.
Malaria prevalencePrevalence on the mainland varies by region from <1 percent in the highlands of Arusha to as high as 15 percent in the Southern Zone and 24 percent along the Lake and Western zones.
Courses or boosters usually advised: Hepatitis A; Poliomyelitis; Tetanus. Other vaccines to consider: Diphtheria; Hepatitis B; Meningococcal Meningitis; Rabies; Typhoid. Selectively advised vaccines - only for those individuals at highest risk: Cholera; Yellow Fever.
With Tanzania in the highest risk category, there are three medicines that will probably be recommended. The first is Lariam (the brand name for mefloquine). The second option is Doxycycline. But the third and most popular option is Malarone, which is supposedly free of side effects but very expensive.
About 2,000 cases of malaria are diagnosed in the United States annually, mostly in returned travelers. Travelers to sub-Saharan Africa have the greatest risk of both getting malaria and dying from their infection. However, all travelers to countries where malaria is present may be at risk for infection.
The CDC and WHO recommend the following vaccinations for Tanzania: hepatitis A, hepatitis B, typhoid, yellow fever, rabies, meningitis, polio, measles, mumps and rubella (MMR), Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis), chickenpox, shingles, pneumonia and influenza.