In November 2022 a Dutch court found Girkin and two others guilty of murder; the court also ruled that the missile that destroyed the plane had come from Russia and that it had been fired by Russian-led troops in Russian-controlled territory.
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It was the 53rd Anti-Aircraft Missile Brigade, among the most notorious — and wanted — units in the Russian military. The 53rd is best known for its role in shooting down Malaysia Airlines Flight MH17 in 2014 as it flew over Ukraine en route from Amsterdam to Kuala Lumpur. All 298 passengers and crew died.
The passenger aircraft was hit by a Russian-made missile over Ukraine, killing nearly 300 people. Prosecutors said there was evidence that Mr Putin decided to provide heavy weaponry to Moscow-backed separatists. There is no suggestion that Mr Putin ordered the aircraft be shot down.
In November last year a Dutch court convicted two Russian men and a Ukrainian national in absentia of murder for their role in the shooting down of Flight MH17 with the loss of 298 passengers and crew, and handed them life sentences.
The judges ruled that it was a deliberate action to bring down a plane, even though the three found guilty had intended to shoot down a military not a civilian aircraft.
In conclusion, the Lockheed U-2 spy plane has earned a reputation as the jet that has never been shot down. Its exceptional design, high-altitude capabilities, and skilled pilots have allowed it to evade destruction in the face of numerous threats.