Why are train tracks straight?

When engineers are planning a railway, right from the start they're thinking of ways to make sure trains can run as smoothly and quickly as possible. It's better if the track is laid as straight as possible, because the fastest way between two places is a straight line…



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Q: Why and when did rails get their profile? — Rails are the basic requirement for a “rail-road” and have appeared in many different shapes based on how railroads, track designers, and rail manufacturers fastened rail to the ground, kept it in gauge, or the weight of trains passing over rail heads.

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On curved sections, the longitudinal (traction or braking) forces between vehicles have a component inward or outward respectively on the curve. In extreme situations these lateral forces may be enough to produce derailment. A special case of train handling problems is overspeed on sharp curves.

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The outer rail is raised to tilt the train to the inside of the curve - this provides roll-over protection and at cruise speeds gravity helps keep the train more or less centered in the track. The wheels are tapered and 'steer' the bogies away from the rails, so on a curve the train is 'steered' around the bend.

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Railroad tracks are private property, not public trails. It's illegal and dangerous to walk on or near tracks unless you're using a designated crossing.

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Trains cannot move in a controlled manner without tracks. That's like asking how far a car can drive on its roof. While it is possible for a car to end up on its roof while moving, the fact that it is moving does not make it any less of a crash.

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When a train hits a car or truck at a crossing, the train always “wins”. It is much, much larger and heavier than any truck. However, it is possible that a collision at a “grade crossing” (where a road crosses a track at track level, not an overpass or underpass) can cause a locomotive to derail.

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Federal data from 2021 and 2022 says an average of about three trains derail in the U.S. a day. While not all derailments are equally as dramatic or dangerous, railroads are required to report any derailment that causes more than $10,700 in damage.

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When a train hits a car or truck at a crossing, the train always “wins”. It is much, much larger and heavier than any truck. However, it is possible that a collision at a “grade crossing” (where a road crosses a track at track level, not an overpass or underpass) can cause a locomotive to derail.

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Generally laid perpendicular to the rails, ties transfer loads to the track ballast and subgrade, hold the rails upright and keep them spaced to the correct gauge. Wooden ties are used on many traditional railways.

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Since the chariots were made for or by Imperial Rome they were all alike in the matter of wheel spacing. Thus, we have the answer to the original question. The United States standard railroad gauge of 4 feet, 8.5 inches derives from the original specification for an Imperial Roman army war chariot.

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First you've got the rails – these are the long metal strips on which the train wheels run. Because they're metal, they can be affected by changes in temperature, which can cause them to expand and contract. Sleepers are the horizontal supports which lie underneath the rails, helping hold them in place.

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Doing so can lead to severe damage to the train, derailment, or even endanger the lives of passengers and railroad workers. Why are there crushed stones alongside rail tracks? This is a good question with an interesting answer. The crushed stones are what is known as ballast.

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We paint certain parts of the rail white so they absorb less heat – and expand less. Typically, a rail painted white is 5°C to 10°C cooler than one left unpainted.

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Trespassing on the railway is illegal and dangerous. You could be taken to court and face a £1,000 fine.

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It's Illegal Trespassing onto railroad property, including tracks, bridges, buildings and signal towers, is illegal. Violators are subject to a citation for trespassing. Union Pacific will seek removal from publication any photograph or video that violates this policy.

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Modern trains have lots of stuff underneath. Motors, gearboxes, big boxes of power electronics, etc, etc. There is very little spare room under many trains, and chances are something will grab you and bundle you up into a disorganised mess of broken limbs. You probably won't die straight away, it'll take a while.

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TIL Rats and birds don't get electrocuted by the third rail because they don't form a grounding connection. This is not some property inherent to rats and birds. This is because when they touch the third rail, they aren't touching anything else.

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What happens if you stand too close to a train? Air between person and the train moves with high velocity due to dragging effect and the air behind person is approximately still.

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