Why are trains so slow to stop?

Physics, the trains are very heavy, and therefore have a huge amount of rolling mass that produces momentum, there is also very little friction between steel wheels on steel rails, and it takes up to a mile of distance for a planned stop when traveling at speeds in excess of 50 MPH on a fully loaded freight train.



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For trains the wheels and the rail are both steel, and the steel-steel friction coefficient is around 0.25. So the stopping time and distance will, at best, be three to four times greater than a car.

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Most instances of reduced speeds are due to track work, according to the T's report, but other reasons include power or signal defects, structural issues, construction work, vehicle problems, and extreme weather conditions.

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One of the limiting factors in a train's speed is the track itself. If the train goes faster around a curve than the track is designed for, it's going to derail. Changing a vehicle's speed is pretty easy but relaying a lot of track is not so easy. See this wiki article on high speed rail.

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Freight trains are getting longer and longer in the U.S., some stretching for two or three miles. These longer trains allow for more goods to move more efficiently, which lowers fuel use and costs for the railroads.

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Fact #4: Trains Can Stop, But Not Quickly It takes the average freight train traveling at 55 mph more than a mile to stop. That's the length of 18 football fields.

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In the United States it is the law, same as if involved in a vehicle to vehicle accident or accident with a pedestrian on the road is the same on the railroad, the law and railroad operating rules always require stopping the train after an accident or incident and rendering aid to injured people.

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Trains can't stop quickly or swerve. The average freight train is about 1 to 1¼ miles in length (90 to 120 rail cars). When it's moving at 55 miles an hour, it can take a mile or more to stop after the locomotive engineer fully applies the emergency brake.

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Trans-Siberian is the longest train trip in the world at seven days long. It travels 10,214 km across 16 major rivers, 876 stations, and 87 cities. Some long train trips – like the Canadian from Toronto to Vancouver – begin and end with overnight stays in luxurious hotels.

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What can stop a train in real life? The most common way is to use the brakes. The brakes are located on each wheel of the train and are applied by the train engineer. The engineer can apply the brakes manually or automatically.

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Modern trains can travel seamlessly from conventional track to high-speed track. They simply travel slower while on conventional track. Passenger service on the conventional freight lines that criss-cross the United States today is limited to 90 mph at best.

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The Glacier Express is the world's slowest train, taking more than eight hours to travel between Zermatt and St. Moritz in Switzerland at an average of 18mph. Along the way, it passes over nearly 300 bridges, travels through 91 tunnels and takes in endless stunning Alpine views.

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By the time a train operator sees you, it is too late to stop the train in time. An oncoming train is moving faster and is closer to you than it appears. Similar to an airplane traveling at 150 mph that appears to float onto the runway, it's hard to determine a train's speed and distance from you.

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The Federal Railroad Administration does not currently set any limits on train lengths – and also doesn't regularly track train lengths or their associated risks. That has allowed freight railroad companies to occasionally operate trains up to 8 kilometres (5 miles) long.

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As far as I'm aware, there's no legal limit. Passenger trains do not normally exceed 12 cars (around 900 feet, dependent on rolling stock type), but many are much shorter than this.

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While the US was a passenger train pioneer in the 19th century, after WWII, railways began to decline. The auto industry was booming, and Americans bought cars and houses in suburbs without rail connections. Highways (as well as aviation) became the focus of infrastructure spending, at the expense of rail.

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