During the 2008 mayoral campaign, victorious Boris Johnson pledged to withdraw articulated buses on the grounds that they were unsuitable for London, and to introduce a modern version of the AEC Routemaster.
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In August 2008, following the election of Boris Johnson as Mayor of London, it was announced the articulated buses would be withdrawn as their five-year operating contracts came to an end, starting from May 2009. Route 207 was the last route to operate articulated buses on 10 December 2011.
Beginning around 1959, large numbers of second-hand double-decker buses of the RT, RTL and RTW classes were imported by the CTB from London Transport, and ran in their original red livery with the oval CTB logo painted on the sides. These buses were phased out beginning in the mid-1970s, and none remain in service.
Route 24 dates back to 1910, when it ran between Hampstead Heath and Victoria station. In August 1912 it was extended to Pimlico and has continued in that form until the present day, making this the oldest unchanged bus route in London.
Transport for London (TfL) does have air conditioning fitted in bus cabs to help drivers regulate the temperature during hot summer days. During the pandemic, it was necessary to switch off and modify some of these to make sure they drew in air solely from outside the vehicle.
London General Omnibus Company (or L.G.O.C.) owned most of the buses and in 1907 painted its entire fleet red to stand out from competitors. Since 1933, the colour was adopted by London Transport and it has remained ever since.
Bus fares in London are subsidised to the tune of nearly £1bn a year, as Stagecoach observed in your article. As it is, there are four times more bus trips than rail, which gets a subsidy of £5bn a year.