The hot and humid air produced by the airplane's engine mixes with the cool and dry air outside of the airplane, resulting in the formation of contrails. In other words, contrails are condensation in the sky that manifest as white smoke.
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Thus, these contrails indicate regions where there is strong wake turbulence caused by the aircraft in front of you that made the clouds. Heavier, slower aircraft make more intense wake turbulence.
While fuel dumps don't happen every day, they're also not uncommon. Nor do they usually represent a major emergency. In fact if an aircraft is taking the time to dump fuel before landing, that's likely an indication that the issue forcing the plane to land is serious but not critical.
Answer: No.The cabin is pressurized between 6,000 and 8,000 feet on long flights. Adding supplemental oxygen is not necessary, because the percentage of oxygen is the same as being on the ground at those altitudes. Question: Why can't airplane vents go into recirculation mode like an automobile?
One of the many mysteries of air travel is the white mist that occasionally fills the airplane cabin right before takeoff. AFAR explains the science involved. Condensation is caused by the difference between temperatures outside and inside the plane.
While pilots can't actually see turbulence, they often know what is coming up, thanks to reports from other planes, weather reports, and radar equipment. However, clear air turbulence (severe turbulence occurring in cloudless areas) can sometimes catch pilots off guard.
Normally, pilots try to avoid areas of heavy turbulence using the weather radar system, which scans the area ahead of the aircraft. The pilots use the radar to fly deviation maneuvers many times, reducing severe turbulence.
In order to make the contrast between the brightness outside, and the darkness of the cockpit a bit less, the cockpits were given a bright colour to be less tiresome for the eyes. It's especially useful in cockpits with only a little lightfall from outside, in aircraft like the Tu-128P or MiG-23 and -25.