Amtrak's frequent delays are primarily due to a unique infrastructure challenge: outside of the Northeast Corridor, Amtrak does not own the tracks it runs on. Instead, it operates on tracks owned and maintained by private "host" freight railroads, such as CSX and Union Pacific. Although federal law mandates that passenger trains should be given "preference" over freight, freight companies often prioritize their own cargo trains to avoid costly logistical penalties, forcing Amtrak trains to wait on side tracks. In 2026, these "freight interference" delays remain the leading cause of late arrivals. Other contributing factors include aging infrastructure that requires frequent emergency repairs, extreme weather events like flooding or heat-related track warping, and "speed restrictions" imposed on older segments of track. While billions in federal funding from the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act are being used to modernize the system, the fundamental conflict over track usage continues to impact Amtrak's on-time performance.