However, when the third and final Grand Central was built, it became the final stop—all railroad lines terminated at 42nd Street—making it a “terminal” not a “station,” and giving the building its new name.

That’s an excellent question that gets to the heart of its design and function. The short answer is:

It’s called Grand Central Terminal because it’s a final stop, or “terminus,” for trains. A “station” is a point along a route where trains pass through.

Here’s a more detailed breakdown:

1. The Technical Railroad Distinction

• Terminal (or Terminus): A terminal is the end of the line. Tracks literally “terminate” there. Trains must enter and leave in the same direction, often requiring the locomotive to be switched to the other end of the train for the return journey.
• Station: A station is a stop along a through line. Trains can continue in the same direction on the same tracks (e.g., Penn Station, where trains pass through on their way from Boston to Washington, D.C.).

Grand Central was designed as the final destination for all trains coming into New York City from the north. The tracks lead into the building and stop, forming a massive “train yard” on two levels underneath the terminal.

2. The Official Name

Its full, official name has always been Grand Central Terminal. This name was chosen when the current magnificent building, designed by the firms of Reed & Stem and Warren & Wetmore, opened in 1913. It replaced an older, smaller station called Grand Central Station (opened in 1871).

3. Why the Confusion? (“Station” vs. “Terminal”)

The mix-up is incredibly common and has historical roots: The Old Building: The previous building on the site was called “Grand Central Station.”