Maglev (magnetic levitation) trains are exceptionally expensive primarily because they require entirely new, specialized infrastructure that is incompatible with existing rail networks. Unlike high-speed rail, which can sometimes use existing tracks for parts of its journey, a maglev train must run on a dedicated "guideway" equipped with powerful electromagnets or superconducting magnets. In 2026, the cost of building a maglev line can be up to 2.5 times higher per kilometer than traditional rail due to the complexity of these guideways, the need for advanced cryogenic cooling systems (for superconducting types), and massive power supply integration. Additionally, land acquisition for the perfectly straight paths required for 600 km/h speeds is often prohibitively costly in urban areas. While operational costs are lower due to the lack of friction and "wear and tear" on wheels and tracks, the astronomical upfront capital investment remains the biggest hurdle to global maglev expansion.