Unlike, IFR flight plans, VFR flight plans are not usually required, but they're highly recommended. Remember VFR flight plans help emergency workers find you if you crash. If you never file and open a VFR flight plan, no one will look for you.
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Per FAA rules, it is not necessary to file a flight plan if the flight will be using visual flight rules instead of instrument flight rules.
VFR flight plans must be filed whenever an aircraft plans a cross-country flight and plans to operate under VFR flight rules. However, VFR flight plans are not required, only strongly recommended by the FAA, when an aircraft flies through class B airspace.
In most countries, flight plans are required for flights under IFR, but may be optional for flying VFR unless crossing international borders. Flight plans are highly recommended, especially when flying over inhospitable areas such as water, as they provide a way of alerting rescuers if the flight is overdue.
(a) No person may take off an aircraft unless the pilot in command has filed a flight plan, containing the appropriate information required by part 91, with the nearest FAA communication station or appropriate military station or, when operating outside the United States, with other appropriate authority.
You may file a VFR flight plan by speaking to a Flight Service Station briefer by calling 1-800-WX-BRIEF and providing the agent with the necessary information about your flight. Alternatively, you may visit 1800WXBRIEF.com and file your flight plan online.
A VFR flight plan that is not opened is good for 3 hours, after which it expires, and the pilot must file a new one. Once the pilot reaches or is within sight of their destination, they must call the FSS local to that area and close their VFR flight plan.
Filing IFR Flight PlansFlight plan acceptance times are specified by ATC and can vary by region. In the United States and Canada, IFR flight plans are accepted by ATC up to 22 hours before the proposed departure time. Flight plans filed less than 22 hours before the proposed departure time are sent to ATC immediately.
Prudent pilots typically set higher weather minimums for night VFR flights. FAR 91.157—In order to get a Special VFR clearance at night, you must have an instrument rating, an instrument-equipped airplane, 1 mile visibility, be able to remain clear of clouds, and a Special VFR clearance from air traffic control.
As long as you maintain the minimum VFR requirements regarding visibility and cloud clearances, you are good to go—all you need is a natural horizon. (This is not the same as “VFR-on-top,” which is actually a type of IFR clearance.) You can't see the ground, but GPS makes it easy to know where you are.
VFR cruising altitude rules in the US and CanadaOn a magnetic course of 0-179 degrees shall fly at an odd thousand ft MSL altitude +500 feet (e.g., 3,500, 5,500, or 7,500 ft); or. On a magnetic course of 180-359 degrees shall fly at an even thousand ft MSL altitude +500 feet (e.g., 4,500, 6,500, or 8,500 ft).
(c) Except as provided in § 91.157, no person may operate an aircraft beneath the ceiling under VFR within the lateral boundaries of controlled airspace designated to the surface for an airport when the ceiling is less than 1,000 feet.