At what altitude do pilots use oxygen?

For Part 91 General Aviation operations the required flight crew must use supplemental oxygen for any portion of the flight that exceeds 30 minutes above a cabin pressure altitude of 12,500 feet mean sea level (MSL) up to and including 14,000 feet (MSL).



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With loss of cabin pressurization at altitude, pressure breathing of 100% oxygen at high airway pres- sures enables the pilot's alveolar PO2 to be maintained at a safe level during emergency descent.

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The CFRs require that at the minimum, flight crew be provided with and use supplemental oxygen after 30 minutes of exposure to cabin pressure altitudes between 12,500 and 14,000 feet and immediately on exposure to cabin pressure altitudes above 14,000 feet.

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In aeronautics, hypoxia typically results from a decompression or lack of pressurisation of the aircraft cabin. Hypoxia occurs within a few minutes if the cabin pressure altitude rises to between 5,000-6,000 m (about 16,000 - 20,000 ft).

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Resting Pulse Oximetry
Values >95% on room air suggest that inflight hypoxemia is unlikely and that further evaluation is likely not necessary. Patients with saturations <92% on room air at rest should receive supplemental oxygen inflight, because they are at high risk of hypoxemia at altitude.

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For best protection, you are encouraged to use supplemental oxygen above 10,000 feet MSL. At night, because vision is particularly sensitive to diminished oxygen, a prudent rule is to use supplemental oxygen when flying above 6,000 feet MSL. So, when you fly at high altitudes, supplemental oxygen is the only solution.

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If anything happens to the pressurization system, or the plane experiences any difficulties while in flight, oxygen masks will deploy. Oxygen masks supply roughly 10-14 minutes of oxygen, which is more than enough time for a pilot to descend below 10,000 feet, where the atmosphere has enough oxygen.

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One important issue was how to ensure that the co-pilot didn't also accidentally fall asleep. This has been a real concern for many years in aviation, with some studies reporting that as much as 50% of pilots accidentally fall asleep during flights.

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There are four main stages of hypoxia:
  • The Indifferent Stage occurs between sea level and 10,000 feet of altitude. ...
  • The Compensatory Stage occurs between 10,000-15,000 feet of altitude. ...
  • The Disturbance Stage occurs between 15,000-20,000 feet. ...
  • The Critical Stage happens between 20,000 feet and beyond. ...
  • ATM = Atmospheres.


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