The short-stay visa only allows you to reside in Spain for up to 90 days at a time out of every 180 days, or a maximum of around 180 days a year. This is fine if your trips will be no longer than three months at a time, no more than twice a year.
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Furthermore, once you've used up your quota of 90 days, you cannot return to Schengen until 90 more days have passed. For example, if you enter Spain on January 1st and spend 90 days in the country until June 30th, you cannot return to Spain until at least the end of September.
Therefore, you need to leave Spain (or any other Schengen country) immediately after the 90-day limit is over. You will then need to wait 90 days after leaving Spain (or Schengen) before you can enter again without a visa.
How long can you stay in Spain without becoming a resident? The short-stay visa only allows you to reside in Spain for up to 90 days at a time out of every 180 days, or a maximum of around 180 days a year. This is fine if your trips will be no longer than three months at a time, no more than twice a year.
Can I enter the Schengen area more than one time during that period? Yes, you can. However you must carefully calculate your days of stay as the overall period of stay must not exceed the overall total of 90 (ninety) days of stay within any 180-days period (see above).
The 90-day limit refers to the maximum cumulative duration of your stay within any 180-day period. It does not require you to stay continuously for the full 90 days. This means that you can stay for a few days, then leave the Schengen area and enter again, as long as you don't overstay 90 days within a 180-day period.
If you are a non-EEA national (including British) and wish to stay in Spain for longer than 90 days, you will need a visa. You should apply for the visa that suits your purpose from a Spanish Consulate in your home country.
If you don't leave Spain after 90 days, you would be in an irregular situation. In other words, you would be in the country illegally. Thus, in the eyes of the immigration law, you would be committing a serious infraction that could result in significant penalties and/or fines.
For the avoidance of any confusion, most EU nations are members of the Schengen area, which comprises 26 countries, but not all of the countries in Europe are members of the EU. That is why only European citizens from the 26 Schengen nations can enter Spain without a visa and stay for 90 days.