Can it be too hot to fly a plane?

The heat can affect aircraft performance, such as by reducing the amount of weight the plane can safely carry. It can even be too hot for a plane to take off. Despite this summer's record-breaking streak of 110-plus degree days in Phoenix, airlines have reported few to no cancellations at Sky Harbor in recent days.



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Different airplanes have a different maximum operating temperature. Bombardier jets, for example, are designed to operate in temperatures of no more than 118 degrees Fahrenheit, whereas larger Airbus and Boeing jets are able to operate in temperatures of no more than about 126 degrees Fahrenheit.

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All airplanes have a “Maximum Takeoff Weight”. Yes, it can, and it happens all the time. They don't take off of course, instead they remove passengers and/or bags until they get below the weight which they can take off.

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The term hard landing usually implies that the pilot still has total or partial control over the aircraft, as opposed to an uncontrolled descent into terrain (a crash). Hard landings can vary in their consequences, from mild passenger discomfort to vehicle damage, structural failure, injuries, and/or loss of life.

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The maximum landing weight (MLW) is the maximum aircraft gross weight due to design or operational limitations at which an aircraft is permitted to land. The MLW is set in order to ensure safe landings; if an aircraft weighs too heavy during touchdown, it may suffer structural damage or even break apart upon landing.

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Flights may be canceled due to wind, precipitation, fog or low visibility, lightning, low clouds, or storms.

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This includes those with cardiac failure, recent myocardial infarction (heart attack) or stroke, angina (chest pain) at rest, heart rate or rhythm disorders, uncontrolled arterial hypertension, severe anemia, sickle-cell anemia, acute mental disorders, epilepsy, and any serious or contagious diseases.

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But icing aside, cold air can help a plane take off and fly more efficiently. So why do planes perform better in cold weather? Simply, colder air is denser than warmer air, which contributes to engine performance and air lift.

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Pilots will almost always either fly around the thunderstorm or take a different route that avoids it entirely, if possible. Pilots use weather radar and weather reports to help them stay clear of thunderstorms. Weather radar gives pilots a visual image of the weather around an aircraft.

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Ryanair has a reputation for hard landings and they are actually known for their rough approach style. This is because they try to get as close to the runway as possible and come in faster than most other airlines. This helps them save fuel and reduce their approach time.

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The word heavy means a larger aircraft type, with a Maximum Takeoff Weight of 160 tonnes or more. These aircraft create wake turbulence from their wings and require extra separation between following aircraft, and the use of heavy reminds other pilots of that fact.

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Are small planes less safe than larger? It might seem that way, but there are other contributing factors. In a nutshell, the size of an airplane is not in any way linked to safety, explains Saj Ahmad, chief analyst at StretegivAero Research.

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