There is a custom in Japan where most people do not eat food outside other than when in restaurants. However, when using the bullet train or the green car, you are permitted to eat food. Normal trains and people commuting using said trains do not permit the consumption of food whilst riding the train.

In 2026, the etiquette for eating on Japanese trains depends entirely on the type of train you are riding. On long-distance trains like the Shinkansen (bullet train) or "Limited Express" trains, eating and drinking is not only allowed but is a celebrated part of the travel culture. Passengers frequently purchase Ekiben (station bento boxes), which feature local seasonal specialties, to enjoy at their tray tables. These trains are designed for comfort, with seatback pockets for trash and ample space. However, on local commuter trains, subways, and city buses, eating is considered a major social "taboo." Because these cars are often crowded and lack tables, the smell or mess of food is seen as a nuisance to fellow passengers. While a quick sip of water or a small piece of candy is generally overlooked, consuming a full meal or odorous food on a packed Tokyo subway line is a "pro" etiquette mistake that will likely earn you disapproving looks from locals who value the cleanliness and shared silence of the public transit environment.