Can you swim in a freezing lake?

Health risks Winter swimming can be dangerous to people who are not used to swimming in very cold water. After immersion in cold water the cold shock response will occur, causing an uncontrollable gasp for air. This is followed by hyperventilation, a longer period of more rapid breathing.



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According to the National Center for Cold Water Safety, water temperatures below 70 degrees Fahrenheit should be treated with caution. Water temperatures between 50 and 60 degrees Fahrenheit makes it difficult to control your breathing, and anything lower than 40 degrees is painfully cold.

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When the temperatures drop below freezing, the water reaches bone-chilling temperatures, and lakes begin to freeze over, swimmers flock to the water for a swim…with no wetsuits. They cut a hole in the ice and lower themselves into the water, enjoying a few moments of tranquility as the snow falls around them.

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Our bodies adjust best to the cold water if you slowly wade in. A quick entry into especially cold water can be a shock that leaves you gasping and could lead to drowning. A slow entry is key. Once you're up to your shoulders, dunk in all the way a few times and you're good to go.

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In water that is around the freezing point, a person is likely to survive only 15 to 45 minutes with flotation and possibly up to an hour or so with flotation and protective gear before the brain and heart stop (Table 1). The surface temperature of Lake Superior in early to mid-summer is about 40 to 50 F.

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No matter where you're swimming, avoiding water below 70 degrees Fahrenheit is a good rule of thumb for the average swimmer. The truth of the matter, though, is that 70 degrees is still pretty chilly. You'll probably have a better time if you wait for warmer water. In fact, you'll be safer, too.

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Water under the ice typically stays very cold, but above freezing. Most lakes that form ice at the surface stay at about 4oC most of the winter months.

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Cracks, breaks, holes, weak spots or abnormal surfaces are indicators the ice is not suitable to walk on. Other signs of danger are flowing water near or at the edges of the ice, and ice that appears to have thawed and refrozen.

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When is it safe to walk on a frozen lake? As a general rule of thumb, ice is safe to walk on when there is 4 inches or more of clear ice. It is important to understand that different types of ice varying in their strength. Clear blue or black ice is the strongest.

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As ice-over approaches and temperatures continue to cool, the lake's water column becomes stratified again, this time with the warmest water on the bottom and coldest water on the top.

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Ice is seldom the same thickness over a single body of water; it can be two feet thick in one place and one inch thick a few yards away.

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