Matter of fact, turbos have widely been used on diesel engines for a while now. Especially to improve power output while sticking to lower displacements. This includes buses and trucks as well.
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Buses and trucks generally use a 6 cylinder in-line diesel engine and using a turbocharger can improve the thermal efficiency of the engine and also can control the emission level to an extent. Though old buses are not equipped with turbocharger the buses manufactured nowadays are fitted with a turbocharger.
In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (also known as a turbo or a turbosupercharger) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake air, forcing more air into the engine in order to produce more power for a given displacement.
The Blue Bird school bus manufacturer has committed its lineup of yellow young human-haulers to a new engine: the 7.3-liter gasoline V8 found in the 2021 Ford Super Duty. That's more displacement than the outgoing model, but it's the finer details that should help keep these new buses running for generations to come.
The CNG/Diesel buses all have turbochargers. The Sutututu sound you hear is the compressor surging inside the turbo after sudden acceleration and the deceleration. A similar but higher pitched sound can be heard in cars.
The power to weight ratio of a car is usually more than a bus. Hence a car has more speed because of less weight while the bus has less speed due to more weight. Moreover buses require more torque and power is not dominant. However in a car as load is less,a significant amount of torque is sufficient to carry the load.